Table 18
Infant Deaths of Michigan Children with Reported Birth Defects
by Detailed Diagnostic Code Group and Birth Year,
Michigan Resident Children Born in Michigan During 2005-2019,
Cases Diagnosed within One Year from Birth

Birth Defects

Diagnostic Grouping2005
to
2019		20052006200720082009201020112012201320142015
to
2019		20152016201720182019
A Central Nervous System (All) 667 66 63 52 55 44 46 26 37 50 43 185 51 43 28 27 36
  A01 Anencephalus 146 11 12 7 15 13 9 9 10 15 9 36 9 7 5 7 8
  A02 Spina Bifida w/o Anencephaly 28 5 4 3 2 2 4 1 - 2 1 4 - - 1 2 1
  A03 Hydrocephalus w/o Spina Bifida 186 24 19 14 16 13 12 5 10 13 9 51 12 14 11 4 10
  A04 Encephalocele 25 6 3 2 2 1 - 1 2 - - 8 2 3 - 3 -
  A05 Microcephalus 122 9 11 11 6 8 6 7 3 4 10 47 12 11 6 9 9
  A06 Holoprosencephaly --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 3 1 3 2
  A99 Other CNS Anomalies 222 16 16 18 10 9 15 6 16 15 13 88 24 22 13 10 19
B Eye (All) 101 8 7 7 8 3 6 4 7 5 9 37 9 11 8 5 4
  B01 Anopthalmos
/Micropthalmos 		32 3 1 4 3 - 1 2 1 2 3 12 3 5 1 3 -
  B02 Congenital Cataract 16 2 1 2 2 - 1 1 1 - - 6 - 3 2 1 -
  B03 Aniridia 3 1 - - - - - - - 1 - 1 - - 1 - -
  B99 Other Eye Anomalies 66 5 7 3 5 3 4 1 6 2 7 23 7 5 4 3 4
C Ear, Face and Neck (All) 122 14 2 8 11 6 7 4 5 1 6 58 11 13 12 13 9
  C01 Anotia/Microtia 15 - - 1 2 - 2 1 - - - 9 3 4 1 1 -
  C99 Other Ear, Face &
Neck Anomalies 		114 14 2 8 10 6 6 3 5 1 6 53 9 11 12 12 9
D Heart & Circulatory System (All) 2,141 195 171 159 191 171 125 112 139 147 150 581 137 132 113 94 105
  D01 Common Truncus 40 2 2 3 7 - 5 3 2 2 3 11 5 4 2 - -
  D02 Transposition of Great
Vessels 		74 6 7 3 6 7 6 5 6 2 8 18 6 2 3 5 2
  D03 Tetralogy of Fallot 84 5 5 5 11 10 3 6 8 5 7 19 8 4 2 3 2
  D04 Ventricular Septal Defect 389 26 29 26 48 23 22 16 21 14 32 132 35 28 23 21 25
  D05 Atrial Septal Defect 901 62 54 62 86 56 44 45 51 49 79 313 71 73 67 48 54
  D06 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Endocardial Cushion Defect) 123 13 7 10 9 10 6 4 4 7 10 43 10 9 14 5 5
  D07 Pulmonary Valve
Atresi& Stenosis 		109 10 10 6 17 6 5 5 11 5 5 29 10 4 6 3 6
  D08 Tricuspid Valve
Atresi& Stenosis 		29 1 2 1 6 1 - 3 - 1 2 12 3 1 3 2 3
  D09 Ebstein's Anomaly 24 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 2 1 - 1 - -
  D10 Aortic Valve Stenosis 37 4 4 2 5 2 1 4 5 - 2 8 1 3 2 2 -
  D11 Hypoplastic Left Heart
Syndrome 		226 19 21 18 17 28 10 14 16 25 11 47 16 13 6 8 4
  D12 Patent Ductus Arteriosis 1,033 99 81 83 103 58 49 56 56 47 87 314 62 79 54 57 62
  D13 Coarctation of Aorta 146 12 17 13 8 8 4 12 9 5 16 42 8 7 7 9 11
  D14 Pulmonary Artery Anomalies 157 14 7 15 19 19 11 4 3 3 1 61 11 15 12 9 14
  D15 Interrupted Aortic Arch 23 - 4 1 4 5 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 - - 1 -
  D16 Total Anomalous Pulmonary
Venous Return (or connection) 		39 3 3 2 5 3 2 1 4 4 1 11 2 3 5 1 -
  D17 Double Outlet Right Ventricle 71 5 7 9 4 3 7 2 4 1 4 25 8 5 4 4 4
  D18 Common Ventricel 35 1 4 1 9 3 2 2 2 3 - 8 2 3 2 - 1
  D99 Other Heart &
Circulatory System
Anomalies 		1,160 95 84 67 100 101 80 76 81 94 84 298 74 55 56 55 58
E Respiratory System (All) 644 74 69 57 48 34 40 31 39 37 61 154 40 40 23 19 32
  E01 Lung Agenesis/
Hypoplasia 		379 49 30 25 25 17 29 21 20 21 47 95 22 27 13 13 20
  E02 Choanal Atresia 24 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 3 3 2 6 2 4 - - -
  E99 Other Respiratory
System Anomalies 		264 28 39 32 25 17 9 10 16 14 15 59 16 9 12 7 15
F Cleft Palate & Cleft Lip 146 12 14 13 11 15 6 7 10 5 7 46 10 12 7 12 5
  F01 Cleft Palate 53 3 4 6 5 9 3 1 3 1 4 14 5 4 2 1 2
  F02 Cleft Lip w & w/o Cleft Palate 80 7 9 7 2 5 3 5 8 3 3 28 4 9 3 9 3
G Upper Alimentary Caanal/
Digestive System (All) 		304 31 27 28 31 21 18 19 17 23 19 70 19 12 17 10 12
  G01 Esophageal Atresia/
Tracheoesophageal Fistula 		52 5 2 6 4 3 1 3 4 6 3 15 4 3 5 1 2
  G02 Rectal & Large Intestinal
Atresia/Stenosis 		54 7 4 4 4 2 2 3 6 5 5 12 3 2 2 3 2
  G03 Pyloric Stenosis 5 1 1 - - - 1 - 1 - - 1 - 1 - - -
  G04 Hirshsprung's Disease
(congenital megacolon) 		16 - 1 - 1 - - 2 1 1 1 9 - 1 4 1 3
  G05 Biliary Atresia 14 1 1 1 1 3 - - - 2 - 5 1 1 1 1 1
  G99 Other Upper
Alimentary Canal
/Digestive System Anomalies 		203 22 20 19 25 14 17 13 7 13 15 38 13 5 9 4 7
H Genital & Urinary Systems 644 58 45 53 66 55 31 44 36 33 55 168 42 37 31 27 31
  H01 Renal Agenesis/
Hypoplasia 		151 12 9 17 18 15 9 7 12 10 11 31 7 7 5 4 8
  H02 Bladder Exstrophy &
Cloacal Exstrophy 		4 2 - - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - -
  H03 Obstructive Genitourinary
Defects 		155 12 10 8 15 14 5 8 8 8 11 56 15 14 11 9 7
  H04 Hypospadias 63 7 2 8 7 3 2 2 3 1 8 20 6 3 4 3 4
  H05 Epispadias 1 - - - - - - - - - - 1 - - - 1 -
  H99 Other Genital
& Urinary System
Anomalies 		405 38 30 37 37 31 22 32 19 18 37 104 29 25 20 14 16
I Musculoskeletal System (All) 744 74 61 56 57 42 52 36 44 44 58 220 52 60 45 28 35
  I01 Upper Limb Reduction
Deformities 		22 2 3 1 3 - 1 4 1 - 1 6 1 4 1 - -
  I02 Lower Limb Reduction
Deformities 		20 2 2 - - 2 - 1 3 2 2 6 1 2 1 1 1
  I03a Exomphalos/
Omphalocele 		--- --- --- --- --- --- 4 2 8 2 3 16 2 8 2 4 -
  I03b Gastroschisis --- --- --- --- --- --- 4 4 2 1 6 13 4 3 - 4 2
  I03c Prune Belly Syndrome,
Congenital Hernia of Bladder 		66 12 8 8 6 7 6 4 5 5 4 1 - 1 - - -
  I04 Congenital Hip Dislocation 16 2 - 1 - - 2 - - - 1 10 3 1 4 1 1
  I05 Diaphragmatic Hernia 146 10 9 9 12 10 9 9 11 12 16 39 12 13 6 1 7
  I99 Other Musculoskeletal
System 		518 54 45 42 40 28 34 21 22 28 34 170 38 41 40 24 27
J Integument (All) 107 6 8 4 5 7 5 5 2 9 9 47 12 13 8 6 8
K Chromosomal Anomalies 510 57 31 30 47 41 28 34 30 35 42 135 40 30 30 17 18
  K01 Trisomy 13 94 13 4 5 8 6 4 8 9 7 9 21 4 4 7 3 3
  K02 Down Syndrome 127 15 6 10 16 10 6 6 2 13 13 30 7 6 9 4 4
  K03 Trisomy 18 148 11 14 7 15 14 7 13 9 9 10 39 20 7 6 4 2
  K04 Chromosome 22q11.2
Deletion Syndrome 		--- --- --- - 2 - - - 2 1 - 1 - 1 - - -
  K05 Turner Syndrome 5 1 1 - - - - - - - - 3 - 1 1 - 1
  K99 Other Chromosomal
Anomalies 		174 23 8 10 7 15 14 16 13 12 12 44 10 11 8 7 8
L Other and Unspecified
Birth Defects 		1,056 47 48 41 37 27 77 91 112 120 90 366 58 53 96 95 64
                                  

Table 18
Infant Deaths of Michigan Children with Reported Birth Defects
by Detailed Diagnostic Code Group and Birth Year,
Michigan Resident Children Born in Michigan During 2005-2019,
Cases Diagnosed within One Year from Birth
(Continued)

Other Reportable Conditions

Diagnostic Grouping2005
to
2019		20052006200720082009201020112012201320142015
to
2019		20152016201720182019
M Infectious Conditions
Occurring in the Perinatal
Period 		60 4 5 2 4 10 1 5 4 3 7 15 2 5 1 1 6
  M01 Syphilis 3 1 - - 1 1 - - - - - - - - - - -
  M02 Other Infections 57 3 5 2 3 9 1 5 4 3 7 15 2 5 1 1 6
  M03 Zika Virus Disease - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
N Familial/Congenital
Neoplasms 		1 - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
O Endocrine/Metabolic
Disorders 		406 15 31 13 24 21 21 21 37 27 52 144 39 41 33 13 18
P Diseases of the Blood
& Blood Forming Organs 		274 22 21 10 18 20 21 16 15 19 27 85 18 15 22 12 18
Q Other Diseases of the
Central and Peripheral
Nervous System 		161 12 11 14 7 10 7 7 10 11 8 64 17 16 16 8 7
R Other Diseases of the Eye 136 19 18 21 25 9 4 3 7 7 5 18 8 2 3 3 2
S Hearing Deficiency 66 5 4 5 4 4 3 3 3 2 8 25 8 3 7 3 4
T Other Diseases of the
Heart & Circulatory System 		453 31 46 36 30 37 20 28 36 34 35 120 32 26 19 20 23
U Other Diseases of the
Gastrointestinal System 		372 31 26 17 34 33 28 20 20 30 31 102 27 22 19 14 20
V Other Diseases of the
Genital and Urinary Systems 		22 1 - - 1 - - 2 1 1 3 13 2 5 3 2 1
X Other Musculoskeletal
System Diseases 		- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Y Maternal Exposures
Affecting Fetus 		156 6 14 3 13 8 5 10 13 14 13 57 9 12 11 11 14
  Y01 Newborn Affected by
Maternal use of Alcohol 		2 - - - - - - - - 1 - 1 1 - - - -
  Y02 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 1 - - -
  Y99 Other Maternal Exposures
Affecting the Fetus 		154 6 14 3 13 8 5 10 13 13 13 56 9 11 11 11 14
One or More
Reportable Diagnosis 		 4,611 409 383 317 354 351 273 271 300 342 330 1,281 291 251 253 242 244
                                  

Notes:
Frequencies include all deaths within the first year of life to children reported with a birth defect who were born in Michigan and whose mother was a resident at the time of birth. This enables the calculation of birth defect mortality rates. Birth defect statistics sometimes reflect trends related to data reporting or new testing. See Data Quality Considerations for further details. Columns do not add to total infant deaths born with birth defects. Some cases include diagnosis with multiple birth defects, and each birth defect diagnosis was counted in each appropriate grouping.
Prior to October 2015, diagnoses were coded using the 9th revision to the International Classification of Diseases - ICD–9–CM.  (See Birth Defect Groups and ICD–9–CM Diagnosis Codes for the codes used to categorize birth defects.) After October 2015, the Birth Defect registry coded diagnoses using ICD–10–CM. (See Birth Defect Groups and ICD–10–CM Diagnosis Codes for the codes used to categorize birth defects.) Diagnostic Code Groupings used in analysis of birth defects are defined by the Centers for Disease Control.
Source: Michigan Birth Defects Registry, Division for Vital Records & Health Statistics, Michigan Department of Health & Human Services
Reports Processed through May 28, 2022
Mortality data includes all linked deaths identified through death year 2021.

Last Updated on May 1, 2022