Table 24
Infant Deaths of Michigan Children with Reported Birth Defects
by Detailed Diagnostic Code Group and Birth Year,
Michigan Resident Children Born in Michigan During 1999-2019,
Cases Diagnosed within One Year from Birth
Six-year Infant Mortality Totals

Birth Defects

  Diagnostic Grouping1999
to
2004		2000
to
2005		2001
to
2006		2002
to
2007		2003
to
2008		2004
to
2009		2005
to
2010		2006
to
2011		2007
to
2012		2008
to
2013		2009
to
2014		2010
to
2015		2011
to
2016		2012
to
2017		2013
to
2018		2014
to
2019
A Central Nervous System (All) 372 376 395 385 380 351 326 286 260 258 246 253 250 252 242 228
  A01 Anencephalus 86 85 77 77 77 76 67 65 63 71 65 61 59 55 52 45
  A02 Spina Bifida w/o Anencephaly 27 25 27 23 24 21 20 16 12 11 10 8 4 4 6 5
  A03 Hydrocephalus w/o Spina Bifida 111 116 127 116 114 107 98 79 70 69 62 61 63 69 63 60
  A04 Encephalocele 15 19 19 19 20 17 14 9 8 6 4 5 8 7 8 8
  A05 Microcephalus 57 54 62 68 59 54 51 49 41 34 38 42 47 46 52 57
  A06 Holoprosencephaly --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
  A99 Other CNS Anomalies 104 107 110 109 106 87 84 74 74 71 74 89 96 103 97 101
B Eye (All) 59 60 61 57 51 46 39 35 35 33 34 40 45 49 47 46
  B01 Anopthalmos
/Micropthalmos 		18 19 18 17 15 15 12 11 11 9 9 12 16 15 17 15
  B02 Congenital Cataract 7 8 9 9 9 7 8 7 7 5 3 3 5 6 6 6
  B03 Aniridia - 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - 1 1 1 1 2 2 1
  B99 Other Eye Anomalies 39 40 43 39 37 34 27 23 22 21 23 27 28 31 28 30
C Ear, Face and Neck (All) 51 60 55 53 55 52 48 38 41 34 29 34 40 48 56 64
  C01 Anotia/Microtia 5 5 4 4 6 4 5 6 6 5 3 6 8 8 9 9
  C99 Other Ear, Face &
Neck Anomalies 		49 58 54 52 53 50 46 35 38 31 27 30 35 44 51 59
D Heart & Circulatory System (All) 1,164 1,174 1,164 1,125 1,128 1,067 1,012 929 897 885 844 810 817 818 773 731
  D01 Common Truncus 14 14 14 13 19 16 19 20 20 19 15 20 19 18 16 14
  D02 Transposition of Great
Vessels 		33 32 36 38 37 39 35 34 33 32 34 33 29 27 26 26
  D03 Tetralogy of Fallot 50 45 36 35 42 44 39 40 43 43 39 37 38 34 29 26
  D04 Ventricular Septal Defect 224 210 200 196 211 193 174 164 156 144 128 140 146 153 153 164
  D05 Atrial Septal Defect 325 345 354 362 394 373 364 347 344 331 324 339 368 390 387 392
  D06 Atrioventricular Septal Defect (Endocardial Cushion Defect) 60 63 60 60 64 61 55 46 43 40 41 41 44 54 55 53
  D07 Pulmonary Valve
Atresi& Stenosis 		64 59 57 51 61 55 54 49 50 49 37 41 40 41 33 34
  D08 Tricuspid Valve
Atresi& Stenosis 		14 14 10 9 12 11 11 13 11 11 7 9 10 10 12 14
  D09 Ebstein's Anomaly 26 24 19 15 10 13 14 14 14 14 13 11 9 8 5 3
  D10 Aortic Valve Stenosis 15 15 17 14 19 20 18 18 19 17 14 13 15 13 10 10
  D11 Hypoplastic Left Heart
Syndrome 		113 107 109 104 103 114 113 108 103 110 104 92 95 87 79 58
  D12 Patent Ductus Arteriosis 465 495 503 516 559 504 473 430 405 369 353 357 387 385 386 401
  D13 Coarctation of Aorta 60 56 64 72 71 69 62 62 54 46 54 54 57 52 52 58
  D14 Pulmonary Artery Anomalies 95 92 80 77 85 84 85 75 71 59 41 33 37 45 51 62
  D15 Interrupted Aortic Arch 24 22 22 20 17 19 15 17 15 15 12 8 7 5 4 3
  D16 Total Anomalous Pulmonary
Venous Return (or connection) 		18 16 16 15 16 17 18 16 17 19 15 14 15 19 16 12
  D17 Double Outlet Right Ventricle 32 31 31 35 32 30 35 32 29 21 21 26 24 26 26 29
  D18 Common Ventricel 16 17 20 18 23 19 20 21 19 21 12 11 12 12 10 8
  D99 Other Heart &
Circulatory System
Anomalies 		597 597 598 561 553 541 527 508 505 532 516 489 464 444 418 382
E Respiratory System (All) 465 451 443 442 414 358 322 279 249 229 242 248 248 240 220 215
  E01 Lung Agenesis/
Hypoplasia 		299 283 258 246 229 188 175 147 137 133 155 160 158 150 143 142
  E02 Choanal Atresia 5 5 5 4 5 6 9 9 11 13 13 14 15 14 11 8
  E99 Other Respiratory
System Anomalies 		179 184 199 212 200 179 150 132 109 91 81 80 80 82 73 74
F Cleft Palate & Cleft Lip 84 85 92 94 89 85 71 66 62 54 50 45 51 51 53 53
  F01 Cleft Palate 34 33 34 36 33 34 30 28 27 22 21 17 18 19 17 18
  F02 Cleft Lip w & w/o Cleft Palate 39 40 46 49 45 42 33 31 30 26 27 26 32 30 31 31
G Upper Alimentary Caanal/
Digestive System (All) 		202 206 207 199 196 180 156 144 134 129 117 115 109 107 100 89
  G01 Esophageal Atresia/
Tracheoesophageal Fistula 		34 34 33 33 32 28 21 19 21 21 20 21 23 25 22 18
  G02 Rectal & Large Intestinal
Atresia/Stenosis 		30 31 33 33 34 31 23 19 21 22 23 24 24 23 20 17
  G03 Pyloric Stenosis 13 13 9 7 6 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1
  G04 Hirshsprung's Disease
(congenital megacolon) 		8 7 7 3 3 2 2 4 4 5 5 5 6 8 8 10
  G05 Biliary Atresia 6 6 6 6 5 8 7 6 5 6 5 3 4 5 6 5
  G99 Other Upper
Alimentary Canal
/Digestive System Anomalies 		140 145 148 144 143 131 117 108 95 89 79 78 66 62 59 53
H Genital & Urinary Systems 371 372 366 367 361 339 308 294 285 265 254 241 247 234 225 223
  H01 Renal Agenesis/
Hypoplasia 		98 94 86 93 91 85 80 75 78 71 64 56 54 52 44 42
  H02 Bladder Exstrophy &
Cloacal Exstrophy 		1 2 2 2 2 3 4 2 2 2 2 1 - - - -
  H03 Obstructive Genitourinary
Defects 		65 69 70 75 76 73 64 60 58 58 54 55 64 67 68 67
  H04 Hypospadias 37 44 42 41 40 38 29 24 25 18 19 22 23 25 25 28
  H05 Epispadias - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 1
  H99 Other Genital
& Urinary System
Anomalies 		253 247 247 244 233 217 195 189 178 159 159 157 160 148 143 141
I Musculoskeletal System (All) 409 420 412 403 402 363 342 304 287 275 276 286 294 303 287 278
  I01 Upper Limb Reduction
Deformities 		13 14 15 14 16 13 10 12 10 9 7 8 11 8 7 7
  I02 Lower Limb Reduction
Deformities 		9 9 10 9 7 9 6 5 6 8 10 9 11 11 9 8
  I03a Exomphalos/
Omphalocele 		--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 21 25 25 21 19
  I03b Gastroschisis --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 21 20 16 18 19
  I03c Prune Belly Syndrome,
Congenital Hernia of Bladder 		42 47 50 50 52 47 47 39 36 33 31 24 19 15 10 5
  I04 Congenital Hip Dislocation 8 8 6 5 4 4 5 3 3 2 3 6 5 9 10 11
  I05 Diaphragmatic Hernia 74 73 70 69 69 60 59 58 60 63 67 69 73 70 60 55
  I99 Other Musculoskeletal
System 		299 309 304 300 294 271 243 210 187 173 167 177 184 203 205 204
J Integument (All) 34 35 39 34 32 35 35 34 28 33 37 42 50 53 57 56
K Chromosomal Anomalies 311 313 286 271 275 253 234 211 210 215 210 209 211 207 194 177
  K01 Trisomy 13 59 61 52 50 51 46 40 35 40 42 43 41 41 40 34 30
  K02 Down Syndrome 93 93 84 76 78 71 63 54 50 53 50 47 47 50 52 43
  K03 Trisomy 18 86 77 80 71 76 71 68 70 65 67 62 68 68 61 56 49
  K04 Chromosome 22q11.2
Deletion Syndrome 		--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- 4 5 3 3 4 4 2 1
  K05 Turner Syndrome 2 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 - - - - 1 2 2 3
  K99 Other Chromosomal
Anomalies 		104 112 97 98 89 76 77 70 75 77 82 77 74 66 60 56
L Other and Unspecified
Birth Defects 		398 391 377 357 332 280 277 321 385 464 517 548 524 529 512 456
                                

Table 24
Infant Deaths of Michigan Children with Reported Birth Defects
by Detailed Diagnostic Code Group and Birth Year,
Michigan Resident Children Born in Michigan During 1999-2019,
Cases Diagnosed within One Year from Birth
Six-year Infant Mortality Totals
(Continued)

Other Reportable Conditions

  Diagnostic Grouping1999
to
2004		2000
to
2005		2001
to
2006		2002
to
2007		2003
to
2008		2004
to
2009		2005
to
2010		2006
to
2011		2007
to
2012		2008
to
2013		2009
to
2014		2010
to
2015		2011
to
2016		2012
to
2017		2013
to
2018		2014
to
2019
M Infectious Conditions
Occurring in the Perinatal
Period 		37 37 37 36 28 29 26 27 26 27 30 22 26 22 19 22
  M01 Syphilis 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 - - - - -
  M02 Other Infections 35 34 34 33 25 26 23 25 24 25 29 22 26 22 19 22
  M03 Zika Virus Disease - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
N Familial/Congenital
Neoplasms 		2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - - - - - - -
O Endocrine/Metabolic
Disorders 		151 147 153 137 133 125 125 131 137 151 179 197 217 229 205 196
P Diseases of the Blood
& Blood Forming Organs 		94 91 94 90 95 100 112 106 100 109 118 116 110 116 113 112
Q Other Diseases of the
Central and Peripheral
Nervous System 		59 61 61 65 62 61 61 56 55 52 53 60 69 78 76 72
R Other Diseases of the Eye 130 134 133 126 132 115 96 80 69 55 35 34 32 32 28 23
S Hearing Deficiency 33 37 38 38 36 28 25 23 22 19 23 27 27 31 31 33
T Other Diseases of the
Heart & Circulatory System 		235 216 208 215 209 212 200 197 187 185 190 185 191 182 166 155
U Other Diseases of the
Gastrointestinal System 		186 184 185 173 169 164 169 158 152 165 162 156 150 149 143 133
V Other Diseases of the
Genital and Urinary Systems 		4 4 4 4 4 3 2 3 4 5 7 9 14 15 16 16
X Other Musculoskeletal
System Diseases 		- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Y Maternal Exposures
Affecting Fetus 		62 56 56 48 53 50 49 53 52 63 63 64 71 72 70 70
  Y01 Newborn Affected by
Maternal use of Alcohol 		5 3 3 3 2 1 - - - 1 1 2 2 2 2 1
  Y02 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
  Y99 Other Maternal Exposures
Affecting the Fetus 		58 53 53 45 51 49 49 53 52 62 62 63 69 70 68 69
One or More
Reportable Diagnosis 		 2,518 2,520 2,477 2,376 2,321 2,210 2,087 1,949 1,866 1,891 1,867 1,807 1,785 1,767 1,709 1,611
                                

Notes:
Frequencies include all children reported with a birth defect who were born in Michigan and whose mother was a resident at the time of birth. This enables the calculation of birth defects prevalence rates. Birth defect statistics sometimes reflect trends related to data reporting or new testing. See Data Quality Considerations for further details.
Columns do not add to diagnostic group totals nor column totals due to cases with multiple diagnosed conditions that cross diagnostic groupings.
Conditions are reportable if identified within the first two years of a child's life. The prevalence frequencies in this table represent cases diagnosed within the first year of life.
Prior to October 2015, diagnoses were coded using the 9th revision to the International Classification of Diseases - ICD–9–CM.  (See Birth Defect Groups and ICD–9–CM Diagnosis Codes for the codes used to categorize birth defects.) After October 2015, the Birth Defect registry coded diagnoses using ICD–10–CM. (See Birth Defect Groups and ICD–10–CM Diagnosis Codes for the codes used to categorize birth defects.) Diagnostic Code Groupings used in analysis of birth defects are defined by the Centers for Disease Control.
Source: Michigan Birth Defects Registry, Division for Vital Records & Health Statistics, Michigan Department of Health & Human Services
Reports Processed through May 28, 2022

Last Updated on May 1, 2022